By helping lonely people on the periphery of a social network, "We can create a (protective) barrier against loneliness that will keep the whole (network)from unraveling," Christakis and Fowler wrote in "Connected." The results are (surprising) because "we think of loneliness as something that affects a person who is by himself or herself," Ed Diener, professor of psychology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, said in an e-mail. He was not (involved) in the study. But it makes sense that the way a lonely person behaves could (influence) others, and those people could respond in kind to more friends, social scientists say. "If lonely people (act out) behaviors that alienate others, some others will learn to enact those same behaviors, sometimes in reaction (against ) the lonely person," Diener said. Loneliness is defined as perceived social isolation, and it's not based on the number of people around you, Cacioppo said. Evolutionarily, it was important for early humans to know how many peers they could count on, work with and survive with, as well as who would betray them, he said.
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