5. 表示习惯或倾向
will 和 would 均可用于表示习惯或倾向——既可指某人特有的习惯,也可指事物的自然倾向。其中will表示现在的习惯,would表示过去的习惯。如:
Water will boil at 100C. 水到摄氏100就会沸腾。
He will always complain if he gets the opportunity. 他一有机会总要抱怨。
When we were students we would often stay up all night. 我们当学生时,经常通宵不睡。
I planted a vine last year, but it wouldn’t grow because it didn’t get enough sun. 去年我种了一棵葡萄,但它因阳光不足没有长大。
有时,也用于谈论某人令人不耐烦的习惯或倾向。如:
That’s just like him—he would lose his keys! 他就是这样,老丢钥匙!
Harriet will keep leaving her things all over the floor. 哈丽特总是把她的东西扔得满地都是。
6. 表示推测
will 和 would都可用于表示推测——will用于谈论现在;would用于谈论过去,但也可用于谈论现在,只是语气比较委婉、比较不确定。如:
He will be waiting downstairs now. 他现在应该在楼下等吧!
You’ll be Dr. Livingston, I presume? 我猜您就是李温斯顿博士吧?
You wouldn’t tell anyone, would you? 你不会告诉别人的,对吧?
That would be the watch you are looking for. 那大概是你在寻找的手表吧。
有时可后接完成式,表示对过去可能已经发生的情况进行推测。如:
You will have heard the news, I think? 我想,你已经听到那个新闻了吧?
I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你现在可能已经做完了吧。
7. 表示执意或坚持
will 和 would 可用来表示句子主语的执意和坚持,其中will用于谈论现在,would用于谈论过去。如:
He will comb his hair at the table, even though he knows I don’t like it. 他偏要在饭桌连梳头,还明明知道我不喜欢。
He would do it, though I told him not to. 虽然我叫他不要做,可是他偏要做。
8. 其他用法
will 还可表示决心、许诺、指示、叮嘱等,具体意思需根据所处语境来确定。如:
I won’t leave you. You can’t make me. 我绝不离开你,你不能强迫我离开。
We’ll pay back your money soon. 我们很快就会把钱还给你的。
You will not go out today; you will stay in and work. 今天你不要出去,待在家里干活。
No one will leave the examination room before 12 o’clock. 12点前谁也不准离开考场。